STUDYGUIDE-132-180301 - length: 60:00 - taught on Mar, 1 2018
Class Outline:
Series: the End Times - Bible prophecy about future events and periods
Teaching Summary for Week 19
The Kingdom and the Covenants
Part 5. The New Covenant
The New Covenant is an unconditional, eternal, literal covenant, based on the shedding of blood, whereby the Lord re-affirms the promises to Abraham of future blessings for Israel and all the nations of the earth.
The most complete account of the New Covenant is found in chapter 31 of the book of Jeremiah.
31 " Behold, days are coming," declares the Lord, "when I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel and with the house of Judah, 32 not like the covenant which I made with their fathers in the day I took them by the hand to bring them out of the land of Egypt, My covenant which they broke, although I was a husband to them," declares the Lord. 33 "But this is the covenant which I will make with the house of Israel after those days," declares the Lord, " I will put My law within them and on their heart I will write it; and I will be their God, and they shall be My people. 34 "They will not teach again, each man his neighbor and each man his brother, saying, 'Know the Lord,' for they will all know Me, from the least of them to the greatest of them," declares the Lord, "for I will forgive their iniquity, and their sin I will remember no more."
The importance of the New Covenant
The New Covenant replaces the Mosaic Covenant.
The Mosaic Covenant was a conditional covenant. It promised blessings for obedience, and curses for disobedience (sin).
The nation was unable to fulfill the provisions of the Mosaic Law. Therefore they could not receive the blessings of the Law. (JER 11:1-11)
The only way that the Lord could bless His people Israel would be by means of a new covenant.
In this covenant, the Lord would have to accomplish by Himself the things that the nation could not accomplish because of their stubbornness and the weakness of their flesh.
The Lord would need to forgive their sins, give them an obedient heart, and empower them.
The New Covenant arises solely out of the Lord’s everlasting love and grace. It is unconditional. It’s remarkable how many times the Lord says “I will” in passages that establish the New Covenant.
The New Covenant is “new” only in relation to the Mosaic Covenant.
31 " Behold, days are coming," declares the Lord, "when I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel and with the house of Judah, 32 not like the covenant which I made with their fathers in the day I took them by the hand to bring them out of the land of Egypt, My covenant which they broke, although I was a husband to them," declares the Lord.
The New Covenant is never set as against the Abrahamic Palestinian, or Davidic Covenant.
The New Covenant reiterates the unconditional nature of the Abrahamic, Palestinian, and Davidic Covenants in the face of national failure under the Mosaic Covenant (the Law).
This covenant stands in stark contrast to the covenant to Lord established with Israel at Mount Sinai. There He required obedience first before blessing - but He did not provide the divine enablement under that covenant (since this divine enablement would not come until after our Lord Jesus Christ had died on the cross and risen from the dead).
3 For what the Law could not do, weak as it was through the flesh, God did: sending His own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh and as an offering for sin, He condemned sin in the flesh, 4 so that the requirement [righteousness] of the Law might be fulfilled in us [members of the body of Christ], who do not walk according to the flesh but according to the Spirit.
Let me quickly add that verse 4 is speaking of saints in the church age (members of the body of Christ). The church does receive spiritual blessings just like the ones that Israel will receive when the New Covenant is fulfilled for them.
The New Covenant guarantees Israel a converted heart and the forgiveness of sins as the foundation of all her blessings.
In the Old Testament, cleansing from sins required a sacrifice of blood. The New Covenant required an acceptable sacrifice to God for its foundation.
The death of the Lord Jesus Christ on the cross is that perfect sacrifice.
And in the same way He took the cup after they had eaten, saying, "This cup which is poured out for you is the new covenant in My blood.
This fact alone makes the New Covenant highly important.
Confirmation of the New Covenant
The New Covenant is restated and confirmed in the following passages:
8 For I, the Lord, love justice,
I hate robbery in the burnt offering;
And I will faithfully give them their recompense
And make an everlasting covenant with them.
9 Then their offspring will be known among the nations,
And their descendants in the midst of the peoples.
All who see them will recognize them
Because they are the offspring whom the Lord has blessed.
37 "Behold, I will gather them out of all the lands to which I have driven them in My anger, in My wrath and in great indignation; and I will bring them back to this place and make them dwell in safety. 38 "They shall be My people, and I will be their God; 39 and I will give them one heart and one way, that they may fear Me always, for their own good and for the good of their children after them. 40 "I will make an everlasting covenant with them that I will not turn away from them, to do them good; and I will put the fear of Me in their hearts so that they will not turn away from Me. 41 "I will rejoice over them to do them good and will faithfully plant them in this land with all My heart and with all My soul. 42 "For thus says the Lord, ' Just as I brought all this great disaster on this people, so I am going to bring on them all the good that I am promising them.
21 "Say to them, 'Thus says the Lord God, "Behold, I will take the sons of Israel from among the nations where they have gone, and I will gather them from every side and bring them into their own land; 22 and I will make them one nation in the land, on the mountains of Israel; and one king will be king for all of them; and they will no longer be two nations and no longer be divided into two kingdoms.
23 "They will no longer defile themselves with their idols, or with their detestable things, or with any of their transgressions; but I will deliver them from all their dwelling places in which they have sinned, and will cleanse them. And they will be My people, and I will be their God.
The Davidic Kingdom
24 "My servant David will be king over them, and they will all have one shepherd; and they will walk in My ordinances and keep My statutes and observe them. 25 "They will live on the land that I gave to Jacob My servant, in which your fathers lived; and they will live on it, they, and their sons and their sons' sons, forever; and David My servant will be their prince forever. 26 "I will make a covenant of peace with them; it will be an everlasting covenant with them. And I will place them and multiply them, and will set My sanctuary in their midst forever.
27 "My dwelling place also will be with them; and I will be their God, and they will be My people. 28 "And the nations will know that I am the Lord who sanctifies Israel, when My sanctuary is in their midst forever."'"
Provisions of the New Covenant
The following provisions are specified for Israel, the people of the New Covenant, to be fulfilled in the millennium, the period of the New Covenant.
60 "Nevertheless, I will remember My covenant with you in the days of your youth, and I will establish an everlasting covenant with you. 61 "Then you will remember your ways and be ashamed when you receive your sisters, both your older and your younger; and I will give them to you as daughters, but not because of your covenant. 62 "Thus I will establish My covenant with you, and you shall know that I am the Lord, 63 so that you may remember and be ashamed and never open your mouth anymore because of your humiliation, when I have forgiven you for all that you have done," the Lord God declares.
4 Then they will rebuild the ancient ruins,
They will raise up the former devastations;
And they will repair the ruined cities,
The desolations of many generations.
5 Strangers will stand and pasture your flocks,
And foreigners will be your farmers and your vinedressers.
6 But you will be called the priests of the Lord;
You will be spoken of as ministers of our God.
You will eat the wealth of nations,
And in their riches you will boast.
7 Instead of your shame you will have a double portion,
And instead of humiliation they will shout for joy over their portion.
Therefore they will possess a double portion in their land,
Everlasting joy will be theirs.
8 For I, the Lord, love justice,
I hate robbery in the burnt offering;
And I will faithfully give them their recompense
And make an everlasting covenant with them.
24 "My servant David will be king over them, and they will all have one shepherd; and they will walk in My ordinances and keep My statutes and observe them. 25 "They will live on the land that I gave to Jacob My servant, in which your fathers lived; and they will live on it, they, and their sons and their sons' sons, forever; and David My servant will be their prince forever. 26 "I will make a covenant of peace with them; it will be an everlasting covenant with them. And I will place them and multiply them, and will set My sanctuary in their midst forever. 27 "My dwelling place also will be with them; and I will be their God, and they will be My people. 28 "And the nations will know that I am the Lord who sanctifies Israel, when My sanctuary is in their midst forever."'"
20 "A Redeemer will come to Zion,
And to those who turn from transgression in Jacob," declares the Lord.
21 "As for Me, this is My covenant with them," says the Lord: "My Spirit which is upon you, and My words which I have put in your mouth shall not depart from your mouth, nor from the mouth of your offspring, nor from the mouth of your offspring's offspring," says the Lord, "from now and forever."
14 "Therefore, behold, I will allure her,
Bring her into the wilderness
And speak kindly to her.
15 "Then I will give her her vineyards from there,
And the valley of Achor as a door of hope.
And she will sing there as in the days of her youth,
As in the day when she came up from the land of Egypt.
16 "It will come about in that day," declares the Lord,
"That you will call Me Ishi [my husband]
And will no longer call Me Baali [my master].
17 "For I will remove the names of the Baals from her mouth,
So that they will be mentioned by their names no more.
18 "In that day I will also make a covenant for them
With the beasts of the field,
The birds of the sky
And the creeping things of the ground.
And I will abolish the bow, the sword and war from the land,
And will make them lie down in safety.
19 "I will betroth you to Me forever;
Yes, I will betroth you to Me in righteousness and in justice,
In lovingkindness and in compassion,
20 And I will betroth you to Me in faithfulness.
Then you will know the Lord.
21 "It will come about in that day that I will respond," declares the Lord.
"I will respond to the heavens, and they will respond to the earth,
22 And the earth will respond to the grain, to the new wine and to the oil,
And they will respond to Jezreel.
23 "I will sow her for Myself in the land.
I will also have compassion on her who had not obtained compassion,
And I will say to those who were not My people,
'You are My people!'
And they will say, 'You are my God!'"
The nation will be brought into an intimate relationship with the Lord God.
9 Then their offspring will be known among the nations,
And their descendants in the midst of the peoples.
All who see them will recognize them
Because they are the offspring whom the Lord has blessed.
34 "They will not teach again, each man his neighbor and each man his brother, saying, 'Know the Lord,' for they will all know Me, from the least of them to the greatest of them," declares the Lord, "for I will forgive their iniquity, and their sin I will remember no more."
18 Who is a God like You, who pardons iniquity
And passes over the rebellious act of the remnant of His possession?
He does not retain His anger forever,
Because He delights in unchanging love.
19 He will again have compassion on us;
He will tread our iniquities under foot.
Yes, You will cast all their sins
Into the depths of the sea.
20 You will give truth to Jacob
And unchanging love to Abraham,
Which You swore to our forefathers
From the days of old.
For I will take you from the nations, gather you from all the lands and bring you into your own land. 25 "Then I will sprinkle clean water on you, and you will be clean; I will cleanse you from all your filthiness and from all your idols. 26 "Moreover, I will give you a new heart and put a new spirit within you; and I will remove the heart of stone from your flesh and give you a heart of flesh. 27 "I will put My Spirit within you and cause you to walk in My statutes, and you will be careful to observe My ordinances.
28 " It will come about after this
That I will pour out My Spirit on all mankind;
And your sons and daughters will prophesy,
Your old men will dream dreams,
Your young men will see visions.
29 "Even on the male and female servants
I will pour out My Spirit in those days.
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